This article describes the full Hybird system architecture from breaker to platform.
Physical layer - the panel
At the physical level, Hybird smart breakers (RCBO, MCB, or RCD) are installed on DIN rails inside a standard electrical panel. Each breaker protects and monitors a single circuit. Breakers are available in 1-pole (single-phase), 2-pole, 3-pole, and 4-pole (three-phase with neutral) configurations.
Each breaker has built-in sensors that continuously measure voltage, current, active power, reactive power, leakage current, and temperature. Each breaker also has a remotely controllable switching mechanism.
Communication layer - RS485
Breakers communicate with the Hybird Edge Controller via an RS485 serial bus using the Modbus protocol. The RS485 bus runs at 500 Kbps and supports up to 80 devices per controller. Breakers are connected in a daisy-chain topology.
Each breaker has a unique Modbus ID on the bus. The controller polls each breaker for its current measurements and can send switching commands (on/off) to individual breakers.
Gateway layer - the controller
The Hybird Edge Controller serves as the gateway between the local RS485 bus and the internet. It collects data from all connected breakers and transmits it to Hybird OS. For outdoor installations, an outdoor-rated enclosure is available for an additional fee.
The controller supports multiple internet connectivity options with automatic fallback: Ethernet (primary), Wi-Fi (secondary), and LTE (tertiary). If connectivity is lost, the controller queues data locally and uploads it when connectivity is restored.
The controller is powered by the PSU (230V AC to 24V DC). An optional UPS (3.7V / 20Ah Li-Polymer battery) provides battery backup during power outages.
Cloud layer - Hybird OS
Hybird OS is the platform where all data is received, stored, and processed. It provides:
Data storage: all measurement data is stored with timestamps, providing a complete historical record of each breaker's electrical parameters.
Real-time monitoring: live dashboards showing the current state of every breaker on every site.
Optimisation engine: for sites with Hybird Optimisation, the platform analyses electricity spot prices and generates switching schedules for flexible loads.
Alerting: configurable alerts for overcurrent, leakage, temperature, and connectivity anomalies.
Remote control: the ability to remotely switch individual breakers on or off.
Reporting: electricity consumption reports at the breaker, controller, site, and account level.
Data hierarchy
Data in Hybird OS is organised hierarchically:
Account - the top-level entity, representing a customer or organisation.
Site - a physical location where Hybird equipment is installed. An account can have multiple sites.
Controller - an Edge Controller at a site. A site can have multiple controllers (e.g., for installations with more than 80 breakers).
Breaker - an individual smart breaker connected to a controller. Each breaker monitors one circuit.
Data flow summary
Breaker sensors → RS485 bus → Edge Controller → Internet (Ethernet/Wi-Fi/LTE) → Hybird OS cloud → User dashboard
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